Cyprus Wills, Trusts and Probate: Legal FAQ

Estate planning in Cyprus requires a valid will, correct ownership records and, where useful, a properly constituted trust. The following answers address the main legal distinctions without promising a fixed probate time or universal tax result.

What makes a Cyprus will valid?

The testator must be at least 18, have testamentary capacity and sign or acknowledge the will in the simultaneous presence of at least two witnesses, who then sign as Cap. 195 requires. A gift to an attesting witness, the witness's spouse or child is void to that extent, so independent witnesses should be used.

What is the disposable share?

Where Cyprus law applies, section 41 generally leaves one quarter freely disposable if a child or descendant survives, one half if there is no descendant but a spouse or parent survives, and the whole estate if none survives. The actual calculation requires the family tree and estate composition.

Can a will choose foreign law?

Regulation (EU) 650/2012 generally points to habitual residence at death. A person can expressly choose the law of a state whose nationality they possess. It is not a choice of any convenient law, and coordinated foreign wills are essential.

What is probate?

Probate is the grant made where a valid will and executor are proved. Letters of administration are used where there is no valid will or no executor able and willing to act. Timing depends on the court file, assets, heirs, tax evidence, foreign documents and disputes; six to twelve months is not guaranteed.

Does Cyprus charge inheritance tax?

Cyprus estate duty is not charged for deaths on or after 1 January 2000. That does not eliminate income tax, CGT, VAT, property, filing or foreign-tax issues affecting the estate or beneficiaries.

When can a trust help?

A trust may support lifetime governance, minors, incapacity planning or controlled distributions. It does not automatically defeat forced heirship, creditors, tax or probate for assets not transferred to it, and confidentiality remains subject to legal disclosure and reporting duties.